What is Cannabis Oil?

A Guide to THC Oil

What Is Cannabis Oil?

Before anything else, let’s understand what cannabis oil is exactly. Just like the name suggests, this oil is extracted from the cannabis plant and is known commonly as one of the several cannabis concentrates. 

Cannabis plants produce different classes of chemical compounds and, with cannabinoids being one of the well-known compounds. And although there are several cannabinoids, two types stand out as the most popular among consumers. These are CBD (Cannabidiol) and THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol).

THC is responsible for the effects of the use of Marijuana on the mental process and cognition. On the other hand, CBD has shown to have significant medical benefits to the user, without having the same effects that THC has. 

Depending on the plant source, cannabis oil has varying levels of cannabinoids. For example, the oil extracted hemp plants have higher levels of CBD, while the ones extracted from Marijuana contain higher amounts of THC.

Marijuana oil is sometimes known as THC oil. This is because of the high levels of THC it contains. The oil is derived by using alcohol in resin to extract it from the female plant. When the alcohol evaporates, it leaves behind a concentrate of cannabis in the form of a thick syrup that contains very high levels of THC. 

Some people refer to marijuana oil simply as cannabis oil, while the oil extracts from the hemp plants are usually referred to as hemp oil.

A Brief History Of Cannabis Oil

Before moving on, it is important to know just a little bit about the history of cannabis oil. The cannabis plant is one of the oldest cultivated plants in the world, with its history going back as far as thousands of years. The plant has two related subspecies. These are;

• The marijuana plant and 
• The hemp plant 

We shall consider both the ancient and modern histories of cannabis oil. 

Ancient History

There is evidence to suggest that the cannabis plant was used for several medical purposes, despite the negative perception that most people have about the plant. For example, it was used to treat certain conditions such as memory lapses and rheumatism in ancient China. Indeed, as early as 6000 BC, cannabis oil, as well as the seeds, were used in food in China. 

Its use can also be traced as far as ancient Egypt, where it was used to treat health conditions such as inflammations, anxiety, and even cancer. 

Modern History

Cannabis started gaining popularity in America in the early 20th century, with its several medical benefits being recognized. For example, its potential to treat alcohol addictions, mental disorders, and anthrax, was officially recognized in the US. 

However, the turn of 1925 saw cannabis users beginning to receive a negative perception. So many people were discriminated against on the basis of race and religion that the Marijuana Act was created and enforced in 1937. The Act led to a ban on the growth and use of any plant related to the cannabis plant family, and this dealt a huge blow to all the research into the medical benefits of the plant. 

Thankfully, with more research ongoing, the negative reception is slowly fading away. In fact, many European countries have eased some of the restrictions on the use of the plant. 

In America, each state has its own restrictions – with every state allowing the use of one form of cannabis, at least.

Origin Of Cannabis Oil In Canada

Until 1923, cannabis had been cultivated in Canada for several years. It was grown by the first settlers as a cash crop for several domestic and medicinal purposes before Canada officially became a country. However, just like in the US, several societal concerns led to a ban on the growth and usage of the plant.

However, a new chapter was opened when a commission of inquiry was formed and mandated to create a social policy on the issues that will address the concerns that led to the ban on the plant. And although cannabis remained an illegal plant, some of the tough measures that had been adopted earlier were relaxed. 

Several years later, in 2018, the Canadian Senate passed a marijuana legalization act, which represented a major turnaround in the history of the plant and its users. The resulting law officially legalized the plant while regulating its production and sale. The main objective of this Act was to prevent abuse in usage while protecting the health and safety of the public. 

Anyone above the minimum age of 18 years could now possess cannabis oil in Canada. However, any purchase could only be done through authorized retailers. And since most regions are yet to have such retailers, the safest means of acquiring the product are through authorized online platforms. 

Aside from the legal age, there are other laws that govern issues like how much can be bought (in terms of grams) and the forms of cannabis products that can be sold. 

Presently, the number of users of cannabis oil in Canada is steadily increasing. And most of the THC oil products can be consumed right after purchase, as they undergo decarboxylation.

Types Of Cannabis Oil

Difference Between Hemp Oil and Cannabis Oil

Let’s start off by taking a look at the difference between hemp and cannabis oil. Cannabis oil is used broadly to refer to any extract from the cannabis plant. These include hemp seed oil, hemp oil, as well as CBD oils. These should not be confused with hemp oil as an extract directly from the hemp plant. And although the terms are sometimes used interchangeably by a lot of users, the term cannabis oil is commonly used for oils with high THC levels.

Hemp Seed Oil: As mentioned earlier, the hemp seed oil is extracted from the hemp plant and comes with high CBD levels. And although it has traces of THC, it is regulated to a certain extent in most cases. 

With all the compounds of the hemp plant present in the final product, hemp oil is a full spectrum of oil. But when there are other plant cannabinoid products present, the oil is a broad spectrum of oil. Full-spectrum oil usually tends to be more effective when working harmoniously. Thus, it is mostly recommended by health experts. 

Cannabis Oil: Cannabis oil is usually used to refer to any form of an extract from hemp and Marijuana, thus, giving it a broader meaning as compared to hemp seed oil. The oil contains compounds, terpenes, cannabinoids, omega acid, as well as some minerals, among others. 

The cannabis plant produces over 100 cannabinoids – and these cannabinoids are the main compounds treasured in the cannabis oil. Despite the several cannabinoids present in the cannabis plant, THC and Cannabidiol are the two most prevalent cannabinoids.

The Different Types
Of Cannabis Oil

Characteristics Of Cannabis Oil

How Does THC Oil Make People High?

Before we take a look at how the THC oil can get a person high, let us first take a look at what cannabinoids are.

These are naturally occurring compounds that are found in the cannabis plant. Only 66 out of the over 480 different compounds in the plant can be termed as cannabinoids. The popular compound – the delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) – is the key psychoactive ingredient in cannabis. The following are the other sub categories:

 

• Cannabielsoin (CBE)
• Cannabitriol (CBT)
• Cannabigerol (CBG)
• Cannabicyclol (CBL)
• Cannabichromene (CBC)
• Cannabidiol (CBDL)
• Cannabidiol (CBD)
• Cannabinol (CBN)

Effects And Uses Of Cannabis Oils

We have mentioned the fact that the cannabis plant is made of several compounds. These compounds come with a wide range of effects on a user. Following its legalization in Canada, there have been several tests and combinations to make cannabis more potent.

Effects

• A high concentration of THC in cannabis oil causes it to reach the brain quickly through the bloodstream. And although the effects differ mostly from individual to individual, there is usually a relaxed feeling with a ‘high’ sensation and lightheadedness.
• The THC leads to a dilation of the eyes, accompanied by an enhancement of the senses. In this state, colors and shapes appear more enhanced than ordinary. 
• THC causes chemicals to fill the gaps between the neuron cells, with compounds binding with multiple protein receptors of the neurons that are specific to the neurotransmitters.
• The most common effects associated with this state of mind are as follows;
• Relaxation of the soul, body, and mind
• Sedation of the mind and body
• Hunger and increased appetite
• The Giggles
• Increased levels of focus
• Euphoria throughout the body
• Lethargic episodes 
• Mood uplifting
• Infusions of energy 
• Inspirational bouts of creativity
• Talkative Spells
• Increase in liveliness
• Happiness in general 

It is important to note that this list is by no means exhaustive, as different people experience different effects.

Medical Benefits Of THC Oil

It was discovered that many users of cannabis use it to treat medical conditions rather than for recreational purposes. On the realization of its health benefits, the oil was legalized in Canada. Studies have shown that since its legalization, there has been an increase in cannabis usage by the senior population, showing that this age group has benefited from the healing effects of cannabis. 

Aside from the general benefits mentioned above, THC oil has a host of other benefits. However, there are a few common uses where such benefits are realized. These include, but not limited to, the following:

 

• Helps in the treatment of mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety: Many people experiencing and battling with chronic depression have been prescribed THC oil, as it helps to stabilize one’s mood. Other mental illnesses, such as anxiety, can also be subdued by the use of THC oil. 
• Helps to fight cancer as well as chronic pain: As mentioned earlier, the cancer-fighting property of cannabis has been known for centuries. And currently, THC oil also shows enough potency when it comes to reducing the pain and nauseating effects of cancer treatment. It also helps relieve chronic pain in general. From ancient China, cannabis oil has also helped the patients in dealing with the side effects of chemotherapy like nausea.
• Prevention of diabetes: Cannabis helps to regulate the body’s insulin and stabilize the blood’s sugar levels, and thereby helping to prevent diabetes. It also lowers blood pressure and improves blood circulation.
• Loss of weight: THC combines insulin regulation with an efficient intake of calories to help control the user’s weight. This is the reason why few users are overweight.
• Improves lung capacity: Research has suggested that pot smokers may breathe a little easier.
• Because cannabinoids are effective mood stabilizers, they can be ideal for autism as well as regulating seizures. 
• Eases discomfort from chronic joint pains: The oil is loaded with a large number of cannabinoids, which are a great pain reliever. These cannabinoids bind to the neurotransmitters produced by the endocannabinoid system of the body. The endocannabinoid system regulates how the body reacts to pain. Chronic joint pain, even arthritis, and multiple sclerosis can become bearable. The collagenous of the bones can be strengthened with the intake of the oil. Therefore, the oil can help in the case of fractured bones.
• Glaucoma treatment: Cannabis can be effective in easing the pressure on the eyeball and prevent damage to the optical nerve.
• Helps in the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders: Patients of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, ADHD, and ADD can be treated with cannabis oil. It helps the management of mood swings by calming them, letting them focus when they must.
• Improvement of lung capacity: Contrary to what you make think, taking in the oil is good for your lungs. Studies have shown that the smoking of cannabis oil is not harmful to your health as compared to smoking cigarettes.
• Treats alcoholism and the effects of alcohol: THC oil can reduce the cravings of an alcoholic. This, in turn, reduces the health hazards associated with alcohol, like liver problems. 
• Slows the development of Alzheimer’s disease: Alzheimer’s disease is a type of dementia that leads to short memory and changes in behavior with time. It is natural for the deterioration to happen as one grows old. Since one cause of the problem is the inflammation of the brain, the use of THC oil slows the development of the disease since cannabinoids have anti-inflammation properties. 

It is important to note that the symptoms mentioned above are in no way exhaustive, as there are thousands of different uses for cannabis products.

However, here are some side effects to look out for:

• Headaches and dizziness
• Red, itchy, or dry eyes
• Sleepiness
• Dry mouth
• Increased in appetite
• Depression or increase in anxiety

Side Effects THC Oil

Despite the benefits of the oil, users may experience some side effects- although these effects may be unique to each user. That is mainly because each individual differs with regard to body type. THC oil may contain a high and concentrated level of psychotropic components, leading to undesired effects. In addition, taking in too much or incorrectly storing the oil could also bring about the side effects. These may include:

• Nausea, or actual vomiting
• Dry Mouth (Cottonmouth)
• Dry, Itchy or Red eyes
• Increase in anxiety and paranoia 
• Headaches and Dizziness
• Sleepiness

What Is The Difference

Between THC Oil And THC Tincture

Before you become a medical marijuana user, it is advisable to know the different methods in which you can consume cannabis. Smoking is one of the common methods. However, in the event where you would not want to smoke it or prefer a different method, you would want to explore using the THC oil and the THC tincture. 

The THC oil is extracted from the cannabis flowers. It can either be a light substance or thick and sticky. These can be consumed in a number of ways:

• Inhalation: Most people commonly smoke oil for relief. However, this is known to cause some side effects like bronchitis. A safer method that could be used to prevent this is through vaporization. Through vaporization, the cannabinoids are able to reach the brain and bloodstream faster than smoking would. 

• Topical administration: in this method, the oil is applied directly to the affected areas of the skin. This is a method best suited for the patient with (chronic) joint pain. Through vaporization, the concentration of cannabinoids reaches a peak in the brain and blood within minutes. Therefore, vaporization has two benefits over other ways of taking cannabis products. One advantage is the immediate therapy, which is essential in case one is suffering from pains. On the other hand, the rapid effect as a result of vaporization helps to avoid consuming too much of the cannabinoids within a short time.   

• Rectal administration: most users may be worried about the psychotropic may want to use this means of administration. 

• Oral administration: This is simply consuming the oil through the mouth. It can be added to food or cooked with. This lets the oil react with the digestive enzymes and, again, takes effect faster than smoking will. 

• Sublingual administration: This method involves placing the oil under the tongue. By doing so, there is direct absorption of the oil into the bloodstream. 

Below is a chart illustrating the various THC oil products, the way in which they are consumed, the size of the serving, the concentration of cannabinoids in the product, and the dosage to be taken:

Products	Method of consumption	Size of serving	Concentration	Dosage/serving
Vape oil	Inhalation	One ml-1.5ml	200-1500mg	6.6-50mg
Tincture	Sublingual	One ml	100-5000mg	3.3-166.65mg
Edibles	Oral ingestion	One edible	5-100 mg	5-100mg
Topicals	Applying the affected areas	Depends on your preference	250-1500mg	Depends on your preference

THC tinctures are usually referred to as sublingual sprays. Although the tinctures are extracts from cannabis, they are usually made from mixing together glycerin solution, alcohol, or medium-chain triglyceride oil. 

This form of consumption has been in existence until its official prohibition in many parts of the world. They are packaged into small glass bottles, with a dropper- this allows the patient to take the exact rations they need for relief. 

It is usually dropped on the tongue, but it can also be added to food if that is preferred. Patients who would want to take their marijuana medication discreetly would likely choose this method.

How To Make Your Own Cannabis Oil

Due to the sensitivity of the use of cannabis oil and the surrounding controversy, even the sale of the substance was prohibited. But with the sale of cannabis legalized, the opportunity to make your own healing cannabis oil from home is available to you. Follow the next few instructions to know how to do so.

Ingredients: 

• Marijuana– You will get the desired outcome if you use a substantial amount of weed. See the table below.

Cannabis oil measurements chart

Ounce(s)	Pound(s)	Gram(s)
1	1/16	28.3495
2	1/8	56.669
3	1/5.3	85.049
4	1/4	113.398
8	1/2	226.796
12	3/4	340.194
16	1	453.592
32	2	907.185

• Isopropyl alcohol-The amount to use would depend on the amount of weed you have. 

Supplies:

• Plastic funnels
• Filters
• Clean plastic bottles- an oil application bottle would suffice
• Long wooden spoon
• Cooling fan
• Syringe
• Coffee warmer

Instructions/ Steps:

1. Put the Marijuana in a bucket, and soften with isopropyl alcohol. Crush and mash for 5 minutes with the wooden spoon.
2. Keep adding the alcohol until the weed is fully immersed in it. Continue mashing for another five minutes to wash the resin glands from the weed. 
3. Use a lid to block the bucket and add the solvent slowly to the second bucket. Ensure the plant matter does not fall into the second bucket. 
4. Now, to wash the resin glands. Add more alcohol into the first bucket with the cannabis plant matter to immerse it again. Use the wooden spoon to mash the cannabis for five minutes.
5. Using a lid, block the bucket, and add the solvent into the second bucket the same way you did previously. The first wash would have dissolved 80% of the resin glands. The second washing dissolves the rest, so there is no need for a third washing. In case you wish to carry out the third round, do not mix the solvent with the first and second since it will dilute them. However, the third round solvent can be used for topical applications while the first-round and the second-round for ingestion.
6. Rinse the first bucket. The plant matter left can be applied to the growing cannabis plants. The solvent should be left to settle.
7. Put a coffee filter inside the plastic funnel and place it in a plastic bottle. Filter the mixture in the second bucket using the coffee filter several times to eradicate the plant matter. Doing this will notice that the solvent is dark yellow due to the presence of resins.
8. Choose a well-ventilated area to set the electric fan and the rice cooker. It’s crucial to caution by ensuring there are no open sources of fires because alcohol is flammable. Place the fan in a way that directs air towards the bottom of the cooker through the vents. Fan prevents the ignition of the alcohol fumes, which happens when they condense.
9. Place the solvent mixture in the cooker but not up to the top to leave a boiling space. The next step will involve the separation of cannabis oil with the solvent. You have to ensure the temperatures are correct to ensure the alcohol evaporates leaving the oil extract intact. That is why a rice cooker is the most ideal than other sources of heat because of automatic temperature setting features. The vaporization temperature for Isopropyl alcohol is 181 ℉, while cannabis oil evaporates from 300℉. Decarboxylation of alcohol requires temperatures between 210-230℉. 
10. Ensure the fan directs the cooling to the rice cooker. Adjust the rice cooker to the highest setting to vaporize the solvent. If there is any solvent left, this is when to add it to the rice cooker. However, remember to ensure that there is room for boiling.
11. You should now let the solvent’s level in the rice cooker go down to around two inches. At this point, there could be some remaining solvent in the oil. To remove the solution, add a little amount of water around ten drops. 
12. To know that the solvent has almost vaporized completely, you will likely hear a crackling sound in the oil. Besides, you may notice dark steam escaping from the oil. Turn the rice cooker off once it switches to a low setting and allows the oil to cool for around five minutes. 
13. To get rid of any water in the mixture, warm the oil in a coffee warmer. You should use a measuring cup made of stainless steel.
14. Remove the oil from the coffee warmer when the bubble stops and leave it to cool. You now have your cannabis oil.